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Borderline personality disorder diagnosis of mental illness is a new type of disease. Today, this disorder has aroused more and more attention. It is also in developed countries during the last three decades understanding of things, even in the short history of China. Such personality disorder with anger, erratic and self-destructive behavior and a serious obstacle for the clinical features of human relationships. (Self-destructive behavior, including sexual promiscuity, drugs and drug dependence, sexual perversion, acts such as suicide and self-mutilation.)
The researchers believe that these syndromes in our society today will rise. Some researchers even think that this obstacle is
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7, borderline personality disorder's clinical manifestations are the following symptoms:First, the disorder of self-identity (Self-identity). Lack of self-goals and self-worth, low self-esteem, such as "Who am I?", "How I like?", "I want to go?" This lack of thinking and answer the question. This self-identity disorders often begin with puberty, but patients with borderline personality disorder is obviously lagging self-identity, long-term stay in the chaotic phase, consistent with its self-image is not continuous and contradictory. This is reflected in their lives in the various contradictions and conflicts.Second, the unstable, rapidly changing state of mind. Patients often have a strong feeling of anxiety, it is easy to anger, sadness,


shame, panic, fear and a sense of excitement and all-around swing between. Tend to be long-term, chronic, pervasive sense of emptiness and loneliness surrounded. State of Mind features a fast changing. Particularly in the encounter stressful events, patients prone to short episodes of anxiety, irritability, panic, despair and anger. But the mood is often a lack of specific depression lasting sorrow, guilt, and appeal, there is no biological characteristic symptoms such as early awakening, and weight loss.Third, a significant separation anxiety. They were described as "holding the umbilical cord into the life, always looking for a place Jieshang Qu." Very afraid of being alone and being abandoned. Of abandonment, separation and very sensitive, do everything possible to avoid the separation of scenarios, such as begging and even threatening suicide. Very afraid of loneliness, lack of ability to self-comfort, often need a variety of irritating behaviors and substances such as alcohol, promiscuity and drug abuse to beguile empty loneliness.
Fourth, the conflict in intimate relationships. They will be in an intimate relationship between the two extremes in the swing. On the one hand is very dependent on the other hand, he is always close to quarrel. One would think that the other party in the world, the other one will say again worthless. Repeated relationship breakdown, conflicts in relationships. And they get along with people often feel tired, but they can not extricate yourself.Fifth, the impulsive (impulsivity). Impulsive behavior common alcoholism, spendthrift, gambling, theft, drug abuse, gluttony, adultery and so on. 50% to 70% of patients had the impulse of self-destruction, suicidal behavior, 8 to 10% of patients committing suicide. Is a high suicide rate of the disease. Sudden rage, destroying property, fighting, impulsive behavior curse also common.Sixth, the psychotic symptoms of stress. In stress situations, prone to depersonalization (depersonalization), implicated in the concept, such as transient or situational, it seems realistic based on illusion or hallucination, in general, these symptomsRelatively minor, short duration, stress relief soon after discharge, antipsychotic drugs are also effective.
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Basic overof the diagnosis and treatment of borderline personality disorder is usually a destructive mental state, both for the patients themselves or the people around him. It may be the cause of unhealthy childhood experiences or brain dysfunction, was diagnosed with borderline personality disorder were found living in the inner world of his outer calm state of the external crazy. Difficult for them to regulate their emotions, and often in a volatile state. Distorted impression of their own, often feel worthless, there is poor or bad. And when they want love, borderline personality disorder patients often find that their anger, impulse, ups and downs and frequent fluctuations in mood will be open to others. The diagnosis of borderline personality disorder entered the psychiatric diagnostic entity, is the 1948 DSM-I, the name was called "emotionally unstable personality disorder" (Emotionally Unstableper sonality disorder), in 1968 the DSM-II in the cancellation because it was another diagnosis, personality disorder have great cycle overlap. DSM-III introduced in 1980, and now to DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of borderline personality disorder has been retained to replace the circular personality disorder. Population characteristics in the last decade, more and more knowledge and research are helping improve the treatment of borderline personality disorder and understanding. At the same time, it is still in a controversial situation, especially when female patients far outnumber male patients, the question of gender bias. Despite the lack of precise data, but in the United States, 1 to 2% of adult patients with borderline personality disorder is (BPD). The data come from a statistics: for every 33 women in a patient with borderline personality disorder is, for every 100 men in one such patient, and usually in early adult stage. Such personality disorders - mainly women - in the self-image, mood, behavior and interpersonal performance in unstable. Symptoms in early adulthood aly evident, but tends to mitigate or stabilize with age. Because patients believe they are deprived of adequate child care and feel empty, angry, right to renovate. Therefore, they endlessly seek care. In psychiatric and other types of health care institutions, the most common type of personality disorder. When patients with borderline personality disorder was the concern of others, they behave like a lonely outcast, depression, substance abuse, eating disorders and abuse suffered in the past for help. But when they are afraid of losing someone else's care, its dramatic mood changes occur, often exhibit inappropriate, intense anger. At the same time accompanied by the world, for themselves and completely changed their on others - from black to white, from hate to love. And vice versa. They never compromise when the concept. The time when they felt abandoned (ie completely alone), they will self-isolation or extreme impulses. Sometimes because of poor concept of reality, they will show a short clip of thinking about mental illness, such as paranoid ideas and hallucinations. Relationships with these people than the A group were more tense and dramatic. Antisocial personality disorder than their thought process in patients with more obstacles, and more turn to attack itself. They were more than dramatic personality disorder anger, more impulsive, as understanding of chaos. They tried to arouse strong protection of human, heartfelt caress. However, patients with recurrent disease, discontent, and violation of fictional treatment plan, often to protect the people - including doctors - its frustrating disappointment, refused to help them as the blame. Common coping mechanism is split, revealing, hypochondriasis and projection. In contrast to the lingering impression, with new evidence that people with borderline personality disorder can often be improved over time and they live a happy, quiet life. Borderline personality disorder research process of this disease from discovery to clinical diagnosis were determined to have a long history. Dates back to 1801 Pinel's observation, he found that some psychiatric patients remained rational. 1837, Prichard in fact made a lot of people think "no reason to madness" who actually have mental disorders, mental disorders but mainly this sentiment, habits, temperament differences reflected. They observed that many patients actually said today borderline personality disorder. In 1890, Americans Rosse first use "edge" to describe between neurosis and mental illness among a group of patients. In 1907, Kraepelin described the edge of the state, and that the physical nature of the situation and the personality of the poor on the sick. 1909-1919 years, Pelman and Clark were also discussed psychological edge, the edge of the relationship between neurosis and psychosis. In 1921, Kraepelin proposed edge type is a vast area but not necessarily signs that state between madness and between the normal performance of the various bizarre. In 1928, Reich emphasized that personality disorders, especially those with impulsive personality traits, are marginal patients. 1930, Partridge of the "poor physical sexual psychopathic personality" in the social personality disorder (sociopathersonality) and for excluding the diagnosis. In the same year, Americans Oberndorf noted many American psychiatrists in the use of psychoanalytic theory of treatment of borderline patients with mental illness, and this tendency is in fact and was not the same as the international mainstream. 1938-1957, the spirit of the treatment of a number of analysts Stern "marginal" patients, and began a preliminary description of the symptoms of borderline personality summed up. In 1942, Deutsch described the spirit of analysts, "as if" personality (as-ifpersonality), said today, in fact, is the borderline personality. In 1949, HochandPolatin with "pseudo-neurotic schizophrenia" to describe a group of patients, named after the Schmideberg their "marginal" person. In 1954, Knight with the spirit of self psychology and object relations theory to describe, analyze, treat the edge of patients. 1955, Glover has suggested that personality disorder is a marginal state. During this period, the United States have gone a psychiatrist in the world of the front edge of the patients, and they accept the spirit of the analysis, mainly, to study these cases. From the late 50's until the mid-70s, research began on the edge of the state launched a large-scale and accumulated a lot of cases. Kernberg analyst summed up the spirit of the spirit of community studies, proposed a "borderline personality structure" () terms, and clarify their diagnosis. Gunderson and others to the spirit of community work experience in these descriptive case further order, into a workable definition. DSM-III diagnostic criteria is basically in accordance with the framework of their work carried out. Into the last century, since after 80 years, is the study of borderline personality disorder a period of rapid development. Borderline personality disorder on the epidemiology, etiology, diagnostics, therapeutics research in areas such as emerging, the mainstream psychiatric community as an international research topic, and schizophrenia, mood disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, etc. research go hand in hand. The main symptoms according to the latest version of the "DSM-IV-TR" definition, BPD on Axis II. Borderline Personality Disorder The main symptoms are as follows: 1, wild efforts to avoid real or imagined to be abandoned. 2, unstable and intense interpersonal relationship patterns, characterized by over-idealization and denial of change in value between the two extremes. 3, identity disorder: self image (self image), or proprioception (sense of self) sustained significant instability. 4, at least two aspects of self-injury may lead to impulsive behavior. 5, repeated suicidal behavior, gestures, threats, or self-injurious behaviors. 6, because easy to feel over-reaction, emotional expression instability. 7, long-term feelings of emptiness. 8, inappropriate and intense anger, or rage out of control. Borderline personality disorder patients and more concerned with the impression they make on others, their relationships with others and their own performance. Borderline disorder patients often have feelings of their own who is very determined. Therefore, their self-image or self-consciousness often change quickly. Usually, they think of themselves as evil or bad, and sometimes may feel they do not exist. This instability of the self-image may result in frequent replacement, friends, goals, values and gender awareness. Relationships are often in turmoil, the borderline personality disorder patients often have had the experience of love and hate others, they may idealize a person at a time, then suddenly a sharp turn anger and hatred, contempt or even more than it is misunderstood. This is unacceptable because such patients and the gray areas - things that only black and white. For example, patients with borderline personality disorder in the eyes of a person is either good or evil. The same person can also be a good day the day of evil. In addition, patients with borderline personality disorder often engage in impulsive and risky behavior. This behavior often hurt them, whether it is in the emotional, financial or physical. For example, they may be reckless driving, unsafe sex may be the use of illicit drugs or to fanatical consumption or gambling. Patients with borderline personality disorder often have to relax and feel self-harm or suicidal behavior. Other symptoms of intense emotional ups and downs but the frequency of intense anxiety or depression, brief episodes of inappropriate anger, fear and sometimes physical conflict alone to upgrade to the clinical manifestations of borderline personality disorder the clinical manifestations are symptoms of the following aspects: the first First, the disorder of self-identity (Self-identity). Lack of self-goals and self-worth, low self-esteem, such as "Who am I?", "How I like?", "I want to go?" This lack of thinking and answer the question. This self-identity disorders often begin with puberty, but patients with borderline personality disorder is obviously lagging self-identity, long-term stay in the chaotic phase, consistent with its self-image is not continuous and contradictory. This is reflected in their lives in the various contradictions and conflicts. Second, the unstable, rapidly changing state of mind. Patients often have a strong feeling of anxiety, it is easy to anger, sadness, shame, panic, fear and a sense of excitement and all-around swing between. Tend to be long-term, chronic, pervasive sense of emptiness and loneliness surrounded. State of Mind features a fast changing. Particularly in the encounter stressful events, patients prone to short episodes of anxiety, irritability, panic, despair and anger. But the mood is often a lack of specific depression lasting sorrow, guilt, and appeal, there is no biological characteristic symptoms such as early awakening, and weight loss. Third, a significant separation anxiety. They were described as "holding the umbilical cord into the life, always looking for a place Jieshang Qu." Very afraid of being alone and being abandoned. Of abandonment, separation and very sensitive, do everything possible to avoid the separation of scenarios, such as begging and even threatening suicide. Very afraid of loneliness, lack of ability to self-comfort, often need a variety of irritating behaviors and substances such as alcohol, promiscuity and drug abuse to beguile empty loneliness. Fourth, the conflict in intimate relationships. They will be in an intimate relationship between the two extremes in the swing. On the one hand is very dependent on the other hand, he is always close to quarrel. One would think that the other party in the world, the other one will say again worthless. Repeated relationship breakdown, conflicts in relationships. And they get along with people often feel tired, but they can not extricate yourself. Fifth, the impulsive (impulsivity). Impulsive behavior common alcoholism, spendthrift, gambling, theft, drug abuse, gluttony, adultery and so on. 50% to 70% of patients had the impulse of self-destruction, suicidal behavior, 8 to 10% of patients committing suicide. Is a high suicide rate of the disease. Sudden rage, destroying property, fighting, impulsive behavior curse also common. Sixth, the psychotic symptoms of stress. In stress situations, prone to depersonalization (depersonalization), implicated in the concept, such as transient or situational, it seems realistic based on illusion or hallucination, etc. These symptoms generally mild, short duration, the lifting stress quickly alleviated, antipsychotics are also effective. Diagnostic criteria for borderline personality disorder diagnosis of the most itative standard DSM-IV (American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition). The diagnostic criteria first originated in 1967, Stern and Knight in the spirit of the analysts based on the work, Kernberg proposed a borderline personality structure (, BPO) concept. Borderline personality structure includes a variety of serious personality disorder, personality disorder of the total of these features are: 1) identity diffusion (identitydiffusion); 2) primitive defense mechanisms such as splitting, idealization, denial, projection, and projection into action identity; 3) reality testing capacity in general is good, but it is difficult to withstand change and failure. On this basis, in 1975, Gunderson


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