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Comprehensively improve the quality of mathematics teaching, change is an important part of poor students. Underachievers are talking about here refers to students with lower scores. They generally lively, attention easily dispersed, to learn the lack of perseverance, and in analyzing and solving problems, for local purposes and sometimes more active thinking, showing "little smart", but the overall sense, they are integrated, general , the relatively poor ability to understand. Why? In the final analysis is an important psychological factor. So, what caused these psychological barriers result? How to overcome it? The tries to make the following summarized and analyzed.
1 will of the obstacles
The will is firm confidence, overcome all difficulties to achieve the set goals of psychological processes. Underachievers or learning purposes is not clear, or lack of interest in learning, or the fear of suffering a lack of fear is difficult to overcome difficulties and setbacks, the courage and determination. After selection of students entering high school ever since, and soon divisive, it is because they learn very well in the junior high school, mostly good scores, they usually pay more attention to teachers, everywhere they are the center, say they are grew up in good times. The ratio of junior high school, on a higher level, greatly improving the overall quality of students, courses increased, the content better, a small number of students will, weak, easily overwhelme


d by the difficulties encountered on their ability to cast doubt on IQ, learning motivation a drying of feet free indulgence, or even obsessed with playing video games, watching videos, studying energy transfer, the loss of the learning objectives, a retreat for the less advanced students. To this end, to strengthen their ideological and moral education, mathematics teaching has become an indispensable and important content. Such as the introduction of all ages in mathematics and mathematical role in socialist construction and inspire their national pride and patriotic fervor, so that gradually clear to study hard for the national strength and prosperity. It is necessary to strictly require them to after-school life, but also warm and caring that they do things, help them to establish the confidence to learn mathematics. Guide their learning in specific, according to the teaching content, select some open, applied topics, and delivered them to complete, and develop their interest in learning mathematics and scientific attitude of seeking truth from facts, independent thinking, brave, dare to create, until the Abstract out "the losers" hat, to catch up with the progress of a large army ranks.
2, attention disorder
Backward class students can not concentrate, not lasting, slight changes in the environment (such as the sound outside the classroom, people walking, birds flying, etc.) will cause them to distraction. This shows the stability of their lack of attention, but it also reflected their strong curiosity, this time, the dominant role of teachers is essential. Actively help them to eliminate the interference of irrelevant stimuli, to focus on the classroom, to complete learning tasks. In order to stimulate their interest in learning to maintain focus, you can ask questions in class before, suspense, so that they need to solve problems with mood and lectures, and also choose some interesting issues related to teaching content so that they solve on the spot, but also random questions in the classroom, to curb their distraction.
3 perceived barriers
Perception is to recognize the of activity, that is, perception is the of all knowledge. Certain types of problems a few backward students start blurring or wrong understanding, as identified to the ability of poor people to a new city, not quite sure as East and West. Such as three-dimensional geometry, address the question of spatial point, line and surface of the relationship, and treatment means were often used to help solve the graphics plane, often to the plane of the acute angle, obtuse angle as the space, draw the intersection straight line, said coplanar line and so on. In such flat contradiction between the visual and spatial imagination, spatial imagination of poor students unable to do anything, let alone a clear conception of space. Therefore, in the Legislative several teaching, direct teaching to increase the intensity of objective things in the direct knowledge of the specific process, the perception of the characteristics of the nature of things, and so on, and gradually form a new understanding of the concept. Usually possible for students to hands-on use of cardboard, a small bamboo poles were visually map Dachu model plane, and then draw the visual diagram based on physical, repeated in kind from the physical to the graphics and then to practice, to overcome the shackles of two-dimensional plane geometry and thinking given the potential negative impact of visual aids and graphics from both transferred to the graphics-based, and slowly eliminate the dependence on the model student, according to "visual map of space geometry of space plane geometry" process, the cycle, reaching understanding on the sublimation enable students to increase the spatial imagination in order to establish the concept of space.
4 thought disorder
Thought disorder, including the content of the thought process barriers and obstacles to the two aspects of thinking. The former showed loose association, poverty of thought, think the problem is often unexpected ways, the latter expressed as conceptual confusion, logic confusion, that is often said mechanically (formulas, theorems), irrelevant. Thinking to help them overcome barriers to the attention of teachers teaching empathy, anxious students are worried about, like the students are thinking, often receive good results. Specifically: (1) abstract issue specific, such as explanations, the empty set can be imagined as an empty box, to imagine a box and into an empty box, so not only had accounted for the collection of the same , but the status varies, and that is clear of an element. (2) of the actual theoretical problems. If the principle of mathematical induction is clear, you can put links in real life examples of small firecrackers, fireworks will be idealized as infinite small, a little firecracker corresponds to a natural number, as long as two conditions: first, the point of the first ring small firecrackers; Second, assumptions a little firecracker (k-a) ring, allows a small firecracker after (the first k 1) ring, so you can draw the whole string of small firecrackers are loud conclusion, this is the mathematical induction describes the visualization, the students easy to understand and easy to remember. (3) familiar of unfamiliar problems. Arcsine function, such as speaking the formula with the formula analogy:
The original formula for inverse functionThis assimilation of different seek to deepen understanding. (4) Analysis of deliberately set wrong. Sometimes difficult to make clear, students can adapt ideas, or detours or intentional wrong solution, together with the students the wrong solution analysis, make the best use, discrimination is wrong, to help students sort out ideas.
5 memory impairment
Memory impairment, one is memorizing obstacle, namely, the content of the new grant (such as definitions, formulas, etc.) can not leave a deep impression on the mind, so that in the learning process, new knowledge often "not on the use of" the other species are learning to keep in mind a short time, quickly forgotten, the new knowledge into the proportion of long-term memory is too small, limiting the knowledge of the consolidation and migration. In this regard, less advanced students themselves very anxious, turn iron into steel. But these student movement ability in the memory, the content taught in physical education (such as boxing, dance) a school will, and not easily forgotten. These features for less advanced students may wish to "individualized" (1) recitation, dictation. Of definitions, formulas and other concepts for students to recite the same words as recorded in English, dictation, while taking advantage of exercises to consolidate, to make eyes, mouth, hands, brain and other perceived effects of participation in order to improve memory. (2) linked to a small blackboard. The main content of the lectures written in the black board, students can see the rise of practicing to increase the memory frequency. (3) make the card. Encourage students to commonly used formula, Theorem recorded on the card, often , repeated reproduction, to maintain the memory of the goal. (4) Arrange knowledge to make it systematic. Memory before and after the knowledge to make a coherent, systematic, teachers can look ahead and behind, the coherent summary of knowledge points to the students so that students can remember a knowledge point to remember a similar knowledge of other related points.
In summary, the less advanced students in mathematics learning is not a psychological barrier in two, to help them overcome these psychological barriers is not something that can be effective. More can not be expected at once. I Yuanyuguangda colleagues pull together to explore better ways and means to shift backward students of education in order to comprehensively improve the quality of mathematics teaching.
[Secondary School Xinghua, Jiangsu Province]


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