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Baby diarrhea caused by rotavirus gastroenteritis, and finally a vaccine to prevent the ~ worth a visit!! ( ) (school-age education: bbs.szhome.com)
Baby diarrhea often caused by rotavirus gastroenteritis vaccine finally rotavirus vaccine to prevent the market next year - Taiwanese children with acute gastroenteritis in winter there are a lot of baby killer is particularly common in the winter diarrhea, fever and vomiting, so many parents worry. This is a common acute gastroenteritis, the inquiry found that nearly half of all infants are infected with rotavirus as a result of. Although rotavirus great impact on child health, but with the vaccines, the rotavirus infection can make your baby away from the threat effectively. With the seasons, but also the peak time for rotavirus perpetrators get angry, your baby has any chance of acute gastroenteritis also increased. File on the power of rampant peak rotavirus occur in the winter. Every minute around the world take a baby's life. Attacks the 6 to 36-month-old baby. Than asthma, otitis media, influenza is more powerful. Ten times in Germany have caused meningitis hospitalization rates. Understanding of Rotavirus: Rotavirus is the first Australian scholar Bishop and his colleagues used electron microscopy and found that children with acute gastroenteritis in th


e duodenum samples, and there the virus. The reason why the name of rotavirus, because under a microscope looks like a wheel, a complete 3-layer virus capsid protein, core covered with 11 double-stranded ribose nucleotides (RNA), a diameter of about 100nm. Exist in nature, rotavirus infection usually mammals or birds, common hosts are monkeys, cattle and humans and so on. Present study shows that rotavirus infection in different species, and will not cross the species interact with infection. This means that the infected cattle to bovine rotavirus illness only, and does not infect humans, it will not produce an effect within the body lead to disease. There are 3 layers of rotavirus capsid protein, the most important part is the shell structure of proteins, VP4 and VP7 contain two; these two proteins and the generation of the vaccine is directly related. The so-called P VP4 serotype, VP7 is the G serotypes. Rotavirus infection in humans can be divided into 12 genotypes and 14 P G serotypes. There are so many serotypes of rotavirus, which means if a family had many children, although all named "wheel", but each is different, has its own name. Scientists named a full rotavirus name, that is, P and G serotypes will be marked with, such as P [8] G1, is a common rotavirus. Most commonly found in humans, the virus serotype, with G1, G2, G3, G4, G9. In Taiwan, G1 has been the most common, but since 2000, G9 also started a popular trend. Rotavirus with antigen-specific, so different serotypes can cause specific immunity to their children. Simply put, the child before the age of 5 may be repeated rotavirus infection, with an average of about 2 to 3 times. For example, the first rotavirus infection is the G1 to type, or may be infected next to the G2, G3, G4, or G9-type virus, but the second time than the first mild symptoms. Of severe gastroenteritis in infants and young children's murderer: Rotavirus is a worldwide cause of severe gastroenteritis in infants and dehydration with a major killer. Whether developing countries or developed countries, almost all children under 5 years old are infected with rotavirus. Caused by rotavirus each year about 44 million to 600,000 child deaths, most occur in developing countries. The cause of death is more severe dehydration, but can not be properly taken care of immediately, or after infection produced a number of complications. Although the mortality rate in developed countries is low, but it is cause of acute rotavirus gastroenteritis main reason for hospitalization and emergency room, so the social costs and expenditure on medical costs have a significant impact. Rotavirus is a global infectious diseases, respectively, in young children caused by different degrees of symptoms. Children born 3 months later, symptoms of infection began to appear, may be slightly, but also to severe disease. The most frequent age of 6 months after birth to 5 years before the symptoms can not be overlooked. Most of the children in the 2 to 3 years old, almost all infected by rotavirus antibodies produced. While a great impact of rotavirus on the children, but also occur in immunocompromised older people, most of the cluster infection such as care centers, or cluster infection among family members (especially parents with young children infected and siblings). Good hair is the main way in winter fecal-oral transmission: Rotavirus good hair in the winter, especially in temperate countries. Rotavirus in Taiwan throughout the year, but recently also found in the winter and early spring there are more cases, more than in November each year to April next year. Why are more common in the winter rotavirus epidemic to it? Supposedly to be related to temperature and humidity, rotavirus at a high temperature and dry areas are less active, relative low temperature and humid environment is conducive to the spof rotavirus. Rotavirus is the main mode of transmission of faecal-oral transmission of the virus incubation period is about 2 ~ 4 days and can survive in feces for 10 days, there can be desktop or toy surface, so often result in kindergartens, hospitals and other places of the cluster infection . At the same time studies have shown that the virus can be transmitted through droplets through the respiratory tract (the same as influenza), and therefore a good winter and there is a strong relation with fat. Accompanied by diarrhea, fever and vomiting first: first symptoms of infection and fever vomiting (> 38.9 ), for 2 to 3 days later from a number of times with a lot of diarrhea, symptoms for 4 to 5 days. Increase this time vomiting and continue for a long time, resulting in medical treatment for oral hydration difficult. Physicians distinguish acute gastroenteritis caused by rotavirus and gastroenteritis general, the best diagnostic approach is to do testing stool samples to determine whether rotavirus infection. Complications of severe diarrhea, dehydration will result in death: complications of diarrhea is mostly due to huge loss of water and electrolytes caused by vomiting and fever also increase water loss. Therefore, dehydration took place, accompanied by a metabolic acidosis. Will cause severe dehydration reduces blood volume, cardiac arrest and died. Toronto, Canada has reported 21 deaths, of which 19 are normal and healthy before the infection of children. Vomiting in all cases, 15 after the onset of symptoms, died within 24 hours. In the case of these 21 deaths, 10 children is to pre-hospital deaths (DOA), another 10 admitted to hospital, but too late to treat, because too late to the hospital for treatment. Incidentally, the death may be due to spasm and caused by inhalation of vomit. Note added water and electrolytes: Basically a lot of parents that children after the occurrence of gastroenteritis, often children fast, that meals will be hungry for a good one, or change to eat rice porridge, in fact, this is not the right idea. Care at this time the most correct way is to prevent gastroenteritis caused by dehydration and electrolyte imbalance, so add water, electrolytes and attention to nutrition is the most important. Patients with mild symptoms can take care of their own home: 1. Usually drink milk, you can continue feeding, and the other to add some electrolyte liquid. 2. To avoid sweets or sticky, greasy food. Medical treatment in patients with severe symptoms as soon as possible hospitalization: 1. Given intravenous injection, add water and electrolytes directly. 2. There is no medication against rotavirus, the symptoms can only give supportive care, such as the amount of antiemetic gentle laxative. Information is Li-Min Huang, MD, Li Ai-fen order in general, there are three effective methods of prevention: Wash your hands, the environment must disinfection and vaccination. In addition to maintaining good health habits, the most effective prevention of rotavirus vaccine is orally active, can significantly reduce the incidence of gastroenteritis, and reduce the frequency of hospitalization and emergency room. Upcoming vaccine nemesis: the upcoming next year in Taiwan, rotavirus vaccine, there are currently two international pharmaceutical companies in clinical trials. Vaccine, a pharmaceutical approach to gene replacement approach, reset the human and bovine viral genes to oral to receive three doses; another developed a basic of human rotavirus new rotavirus vaccine by oral to receive two, two at an interval of between 1 to 2 months. So far, the effectiveness of both trusted and greatly reduce the need for rotavirus infection in hospital treatment. Rotavirus oral vaccine safety with no fear: the oral rotavirus vaccine, we should pay attention to low immune system, immune dysfunction in infants, because it is active vaccine, but also to consider post-viral replication in vivo virulence, therefore not recommended to give. Safety of the vaccine itself with no fear, no special cast to the taboo. Currently, two rotavirus vaccines have been registered in 23 countries, and in Mexico and Singapore and other countries listed. Forecast of next year, the two vaccines are likely to pharmaceutical companies listed in Taiwan, the future will bring immense benefit to infants and young children, away from the threat of rotavirus.
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