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Tags: Department of Cardiology secondary mitral regurgitation Xunyiwenyao promotion examinations
Mitral regurgitation (mitral incompetence) (important test sites) rheumatic heart disease is the most common cause in our country; mitral valve prolapse is common cause in Western countries; coronary heart disease; tendons rupture; posterior lobe of the affected tendons and more. lower mitral annular calcification and ring more common in older women, for the degenerative changes; infective endocarditis; left ventricle significantly increased; other uncommon cause of congenital malformation, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis , hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, endomyocardial fibrosis and left atrial myxoma and so on.
(2) Acute
tendons rupture; infective endocarditis caused by tendon injury claim valve leaflets or rupture; acute myocardial infarction caused by acute papillary muscle ischemia, necrosis, or fracture; traumatic mitral valve structure damage; prosthetic valve cracking damage.
2. Pathophysiology
(1) acute left ventricular systolic ejection part of the blood flow through mitral valve regurgitation regurgitation to the left atrium, and left atrium from the pulmonary vein blood flow to the summary, in the left ventricular diastolic filling, the left atrium and left ventricle sudden increase in volume load and left ventricular end diastolic pressure increased dramatically. Left atrial pressure increased shar


ply, leading to pulmonary congestion, or even pulmonary edema. May then cause pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure.
(2) chronic increase of left atrial compliance, atrial and ventricular expansion over time to adapt to volume load increased. Sustained severe over-capacity load of the final cause of left ventricular failure, left atrium and left ventricle end diastolic pressure was significantly increased, leading to pulmonary congestion, pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure occurred. Acute mild mitral regurgitation, such as breaking a few chordae only slightly exertional dyspnea, severe reflux, such as papillary muscle rupture in acute left heart failure very quickly, and even acute pulmonary edema or cardiogenic shock.
chronic severe regurgitation in cardiac output and reduction in symptoms first appeared prominent fatigue, pulmonary congestion symptoms such as difficulty breathing appeared later.
A. asymptomatic rheumatic heart disease often longer than 20 years, once the obvious symptoms, many have irreversible heart damage.
B. more than mild mitral valve prolapse symptoms, or only chest pain, palpitations, weakness, dizziness, orthostatic syncope, and anxiety, may be related to autonomic dysfunction, severe mitral regurgitation advanced stage left heart failure.A. apex beat was high-power type, left ventricle increases to the left under the shift.
B. rheumatic heart sound caused when the valve leaflets reduced, when severe regurgitation diminished first heart sound. Mitral valve prolapse and coronary heart disease when the first heart sound were normal. The second heart sound was split.
C. contracture heart murmur caused by valve leaflets (wind heart disease), a self-started immediately after the first heart sound, and the second heart sound at the same time the termination of all kind of high-profile hair has always been based systolic murmur loudest at the apex accompanied by tremor. Noise to the left armpit and left subscapular area conduction. Abnormal posterior lobe, noise is the bottom left sternal border and the heart conduction. In a typical mitral valve prolapse is with the sound after the contraction of s later noise. Papillary muscle dysfunction with coronary heart disease may have a contraction of the early, mid, late or full systolic murmur. Chordal rupture with flail-like noise may appear when the valve leaflets or music of the Ming gulls. Severe reflux, the apex could be heard and followed a short diastolic rumble after the third heart sound like noise.
Broken mind you feel this is the clinical manifestation of anxiety, not that it really is broken, if you got the disease, whether it will happen functional brain lesions, you do not want to treat it What are , and to treatment do not cranky, to believe his own fears that do not exist, learn to regulate emotions and self-control, such as mental relaxation, to divert attention, eliminate distractions, in order to achieve comes naturally, calmly realm . You can also use a number of drugs, what to eat that you know for sure, in short, learn to relax, I wish good!He generally uncoordinated breathingOh, the membranous ventricular septal aneurysm, that is, there your original membranous ventricular septal defect, then the surrounding tissue, trying to repair, thus forming a membranous aneurysm, this is not a true tumor, but the ventricular septal defect repair sites.
Mitral valve prolapse, the cardiac systole, mitral valve may be further off into the left atrium, which can lead to mitral regurgitation, it depends on your specific degree, if only a mild mitral valve insufficiency, it is a small amount of blood flow caused by systolic reflux into the left atrium, it has little effect on cardiac hemodynamics, there is no need for too much concern.
If it is severe prolapse, severe mitral regurgitation, resulting in a large number of reflux, it led to decline in heart function, surgery should be considered at this time, it is to repair mitral valve surgery - mitral valvuloplasty, or under the mitral valve and the valve device if serious damage, mitral valve replacement.
The electrocardiogram, sinus rhythm, this means that a given sinus rhythm, normal sinus node should be issued, ST change, then there are various possible that you may be coronary heart disease, myocarditis, but sometimes vagus nerve can be excited, or some non-specific changes, it must be combined with the specific clinical situation, you do not have this with sex, age, other symptoms of each case whether or not the feeling of panic, the heart is also a bold aesthetic of the super- , the actual data is not.
ECG is very simple then one said.
Actually see a doctor is a very prudent thing, you have to combine history, meticulous physical examination and necessary laboratory examinations, and comprehensive analysis in order to obtain more accurate diagnosis, you do, I think we should be invited to the hospital experience heart to see a physician to conduct an assessment is.
I used to be a doctor, but I've had improperlyTags:, produces, panic, anxiety


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